The thyroid is a small gland located at the front of the neck that is responsible for making thyroid hormones. These hormones enter the blood and are carried to tissues located throughout the body.
Thyroid hormones help the body use energy and control a number of activities. They control breathing, how fast the body burns calories, and even how fast the heart beats.
These hormones are also involved in processes such as helping the body stay warm and keeping the brain, heart muscles, and other organs working properly.
Thyroid hormone levels are controlled by a small gland in the brain called the pituitary. This gland makes the thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), which stimulates the thyroid to produce thyroid hormones.
TSH levels in the bloodstream rise or fall depending on whether enough hormones are made to meet the body’s needs. As thyroid hormone levels go up or down, the pituitary gland drops or raises TSH production in response.
When the gland releases too many or too few hormones, thyroid disorders can occur.
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